The original Greek translation of the WOMAC® LK3.1 Index was developed from the WOMAC® LK3.1 English for Canada source Index using Standard Operating Procedures, under Professor Bellamy’s copyright. The index is a 24-item questionnaire divided into three subscales, which measure pain (WOMAC-pain; 5 items, score range 0-20), stiffness (WOMAC-stiffness; 2 items, score range 0-8), and physical function (WOMAC-function; 17 items, score range 0-68). For the purposes of this study, each subscale item score was normalized on a 0-10 scale to correct for differences in scale length, so that a score of 0 represented the best health status and a score of 10 the worst. The three normalized subscale values were summed to provide the normalized WOMAC-total score
The internal consistency of the WOMAC subscales ranged from high (0.804) to excellent (0.956). Intra-class correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability were excellent, ranging from 0.91 to 0.95. Partial correlation analysis, adjusted for age and use of an assistive device, showed that WOMAC scores were significantly associated with all validation criteria, presenting fair to strong (-0.33 to -0.86) correlation coefficients. WOMAC-function was strongly associated with SF36-function (-0.86) and TUG (0.71), WOMAC-pain to VAS/FPS-R (0.71) and SF36-pain (-0.67). Of all WOMAC outcomes, stiffness subscale had the lowest, though still significant, correlations with all validation criteria. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that WOMAC-function was a significant factor for TUG, WOMAC-pain for VAS/FPS-R and both for SF36-function and SF36-pain.
The WOMAC® LK3.1 Greek for Greece Index is a reliable and valid assessment tool for the evaluation of individuals with knee osteoarthritis, showing excellent reliability and significant validity properties.

1. Bellamy N, Buchanan W, Goldsmith C, Campbell J, Stitt L. Validation study of WOMAC®: A health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol. 1988; 15(12):1833-1840.
2. Papathanasiou G, Stasi S, Oikonomou L, Roussou I, Papageorgiou E, Chronopoulos E, Korres N, Bellamy N. Clinimetric Properties of WOMAC® Index in Greek Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: Comparisons with both Self-reported and Physical Performance Measures. Rheumatology International. 2015; 35(1):115-123.

Το ερωτηματολόγιο μπορεί να δοθεί μόνο μετά από άδεια του συγγραφέα Prof. Nicolas Bellamy που διατηρεί το copy right του Western Ontario and McMaster LK 3.1 Index (WOMAC® LK3.1): info@womac.com